Common Variable Immunodeficiency: A Long Road to Diagnosis?

Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is recognized as the most prevalent primary immune deficiency (PID) according to the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID). It has an estimated prevalence of approximately 1 in 30,000 individuals. Meanwhile, thalassemias are an aggregate of hemoglobin disorders that involve defects in the structure of alpha or beta chains of this protein, resulting in varying degre...

Use of a Non-Invasive Method for Detection of Nasal and Pharyngeal Neutralizing Antibodies in Immunized Patients against Sars-CoV-2

Nowadays, several vaccines have been approved by the FDA for prevention of severe COVID-19. Mexico is one of the countries with the highest SARS-Cov-2 infection rate and associated deaths, so determining the post-vaccination immunity status is essential. Multiple studies have evaluated immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in plasma or serum of infected and immunized patients, meanwhile there are fewer studies in saliva a...

Oxidative Stress and Osteoimmunology: The two Missing Pieces of the Oral Osseointegration Puzzle

Oxidative stress arises when the level of oxidants exceeds that of antioxidants. It occurs either when oxidant production is excessive or when antioxidant release is insufficient. This physio-pathological state can cause two types of damage: first molecular, which involves alteration of DNA; and second, cellular, which involves genetic mutations and apoptosis leading to a wound healing issue. In the second case, a...

Localization of Myeloid Cells in the Basal Plate of Term Placentas from Uncomplicated Gestations

Decidual macrophages are in close contact with trophoblast cells during placental development, and an appropriate cross talk between these cellular compartments is crucial for a successful pregnancy. During the phases of gestation, macrophages undergo dynamic changes to adjust to the different stages of fetal development, involved in immune tolerance, trophoblast invasion, tissue and vascular remodeling, embryo gr...

Cardiac Protection by Immunization with Phytomonas serpens in Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Mice is Related to Nitric Oxide Production

The genus Phytomonas includes parasites that are etiological agents of important plant diseases, especially in Central and South America. These parasites are transmitted to plants by an infected phytophagous hemipteran bite. The existence of shared antigens between pathogenic and non-pathogenic trypanosomatids opened the possibility that species non-infectious to humans, who are economically feasible and easy to c...

Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Spirulina (Arthrospira) Maxima during Acute and Chronic Inflammation In Vivo

Introduction: In recent years, the use of food supplements like coadjuvants in the treatment of various diseases has increased; being one of the most studied and consumed the algae Spirulina maxima, which possesses important demonstrated biological effects including antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Objective: This study sought to determine if there is a direct link between these two pharmacological m...

Venous Catheters Infections Associated to Staphylococcus Biofilms: Worldwide Problem of the 21st Century

Venous catheters are increasingly used in medical care. However, these devices are easily colonized by microorganisms. Staphylococcus spp. are the dominant species in catheter-related infections because of their ability to form biofilms on their surfaces, giving them resistance to antimicrobial agents and leading to recalcitrant chronic infections and therapeutic failure. In addition, the emergence of methicillin-...

Exosome-Allorecognition in Lung Transplantation Rejection

Purpose of review: Innate and adaptive immunity both contribute to allorecognition mechanisms that drive rejection after lung transplantation. Classic allorecognition pathways have been extensively described, but there continues to be several unanswered questions. Exosome research appears to be a novel and potentially significant area of allorecognition research, and could be the missing link that answers some exi...

Development and Evaluation of Lateral Flow Test Strips for Fish Pathogenic Streptococcus Agalactiae

Sterptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is a major bacterial pathogen to humans, and also to aquatic animals. Recently, S. agalactiae has become one of the major causes of streptococcicosis in aquaculture. In order to detect S. agalactiae more effectively and easily, the rapid test strip of S. agalactiae was developed by using specific monoclonal antibodies. Surface immunogenic protein (Sip) of S. agalactiae was...

Diphtheria: Time to Introspect our Immunization Practices

objectives: Despite good DPT vaccination coverage diphtheria is down but not out. Herein we pro posed to study the clinical profile and outcome of diphtheria in children in recent time. Methods: This was a retrospective study done at department of paediatrics, KIMS, Hubballi from January 2016 to December 2016. Patients admitted with history suggestive of diphtheria were enrolled and categorised into probable and c...

Auto-Immune Disorders treated with Therapeutic Apheresis

Auto-immune diseases based on an immune pathogenesis produce auto antibodies and circulating immune complexes, which cause inflammation in the tissues of various organs. In most cases, these diseases have a bad prognosis without treatment. Therapeutic plasma exchange with hollow fiber modules is used since more than 40 years and has led in combination with immunosuppressive therapies to a steady increase in surviv...